<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss" xmlns:geo="http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#" > <channel> <title>Macbeth for Kids Archives - Big Ideas for Little Scholars</title> <atom:link href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/tag/macbeth-for-kids/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" /> <link>https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/tag/macbeth-for-kids/</link> <description>Resources for Gifted and Advanced Learners</description> <lastBuildDate>Sun, 19 Sep 2021 18:59:51 +0000</lastBuildDate> <language>en-US</language> <sy:updatePeriod> hourly </sy:updatePeriod> <sy:updateFrequency> 1 </sy:updateFrequency> <generator>https://wordpress.org/?v=6.7.1</generator> <image> <url>https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/cropped-Screen-Shot-2019-11-08-at-2.10.24-PM-4.png?fit=32%2C32&ssl=1</url> <title>Macbeth for Kids Archives - Big Ideas for Little Scholars</title> <link>https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/tag/macbeth-for-kids/</link> <width>32</width> <height>32</height> </image> <site xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">168886423</site> <item> <title>Shakespeare’s Macbeth: Depth, Mystery, and Magic for October (3rd and up)</title> <link>https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up</link> <comments>https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up/#comments</comments> <dc:creator><![CDATA[Donna Lasher]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Tue, 14 Sep 2021 10:43:32 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[UNCATEGORIZED]]></category> <category><![CDATA[across disciplines]]></category> <category><![CDATA[gifted elementary]]></category> <category><![CDATA[literature for gifted]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Macbeth for Kids]]></category> <category><![CDATA[mystery of Shakespeare for kids]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Shakespeare for Kids]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Shakespearean limericks]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/?p=9586</guid> <description><![CDATA[<p>Here is an idea that is fun to do at the end of October and there is so much you can do with this! If you’ve always wanted to introduce your young scholars to Shakespeare but didn’t know how to get started, I hope this will encourage you to try! Choose from all or just ... <a title="Shakespeare’s Macbeth: Depth, Mystery, and Magic for October (3rd and up)" class="read-more" href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up/" aria-label="Read more about Shakespeare’s Macbeth: Depth, Mystery, and Magic for October (3rd and up)">Read more</a></p> <p>The post <a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up/">Shakespeare’s Macbeth: Depth, Mystery, and Magic for October (3rd and up)</a> appeared first on <a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com">Big Ideas for Little Scholars</a>.</p> ]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignleft size-full is-resized"><a href="https://amzn.to/3hgOm26" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Macbeth.jpg?resize=303%2C363&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-9591" width="303" height="363" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Macbeth.jpg?w=209&ssl=1 209w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Macbeth.jpg?resize=20%2C24&ssl=1 20w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Macbeth.jpg?resize=30%2C36&ssl=1 30w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Macbeth.jpg?resize=40%2C48&ssl=1 40w" sizes="(max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px" /></a><figcaption>Thank you for using this <strong><a href="https://amzn.to/3hgOm26" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AFFILIATE LINK</a></strong>. Read more <strong><a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/thank-you-for-using-amazon-affiliate-links/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">HERE</a></strong>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">Here is an idea that is fun to do at the end of October</span></strong> and <span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color"><strong>there is so much you can do with this!</strong> </span>If you’ve always wanted to introduce your young scholars to Shakespeare but didn’t know how to get started, I hope this will encourage you to try! </p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Choose from all or just a few of the activities</span> which reach <strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">ACROSS DISCIPLINES</span></strong> to include: a <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">prediction activity</span></strong> for introducing the plot, a little <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">mystery surrounding Shakespeare</span></strong>, quick and <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">fun play performances or readings</span></strong>, and <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">a magical science lesson</span></strong> to stir in some excitement! </p> <p>I did the activities described here with my 4th grade as part of our <strong><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xSv0PzvzeBsfK5u8SScSudb8_p5_ZnK9lfDNHqdfpyw/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">MYSTERIES</span></a></strong> unit, but the resources here may be used with students as young as seven years (second grade).</p> <p><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">PRESENTING THE STORY</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">Very Brief Intro</span></strong> ~ Before presenting any portion of the plot, I always found it best to <strong>see how much my students knew about Shakespeare</strong>, his genius, and the diversity of his writings. After eliciting what they (think they) know, I share a little about him. This video would work well as a simple introduction.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe title="Mini Bio - Shakespeare" width="855" height="481" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/huGyjJzPyoE?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> <p><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(17, 108, 147);" class="has-inline-color">Prediction Activity</span> <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">and Basic Plot</span></strong> ~ I was convinced that <strong><em><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">Shakespeare Can Be Fun! </span></em></strong><span style="color:#565b5d" class="has-inline-color"> by author and teacher Lois Burdett </span>who retells the Bard’s plays through <strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">rhyming couplets</span></strong>! The samples of <strong>student writings and illustrations enrich the content</strong> and help students understand the plot! </p> <p>Using excerpts from her <strong><em><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887532799/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0887532799&linkCode=as2&tag=bi4ls101-20&linkId=c109a5f76c72c7e7a635977423e49f0f" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Macbeth for Kids</a></em></strong> (affiliate link), I had <strong>students focus on <span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">DETAILS</span> to make predictions about the storyline.</strong> Following predictions, I did a quick retelling of the rest of the story. We did not read the entire book. I skimmed through the pages, paraphrasing the plot, and shared the illustrations and student writings to clarify. To reinforce the plot, I created <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">sequence cards that students can put in order as the story is retold</span></strong>. Believe it or not, the fact that I didn’t read the entire book enticed many of my students to clamor for it so they could finish reading it.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center"><strong><a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Macbeth-Prediction-and-Retlling.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Preview/ Download PREDICTION ~ RETELLING lesson (PDF)</a></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">Big Ideas</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">/ Summarizing</span></strong> ~ My students then <strong>wrote limericks to express the big ideas and themes</strong> in the play (power, guilt, greed, ambition, etc.) while also striving to sum up the basic plot. It was a challenge, and we worked together to make things rhyme! With illustrations, these made a nice bulletin board display. <strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">View all slides to see samples</span>.</strong></p> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow" data-effect="slide"><div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_container swiper-container"><ul class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_swiper-wrapper swiper-wrapper"><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="855" height="641" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-572" data-id="572" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Macbeth-004-1.jpg?resize=855%2C641&ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Macbeth-004-1.jpg?w=960&ssl=1 960w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Macbeth-004-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Macbeth-004-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w" sizes="(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px" /></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="759" height="394" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-9634" data-id="9634" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim2-2.jpg?resize=759%2C394&ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim2-2.jpg?w=759&ssl=1 759w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim2-2.jpg?resize=300%2C156&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim2-2.jpg?resize=24%2C12&ssl=1 24w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim2-2.jpg?resize=36%2C19&ssl=1 36w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim2-2.jpg?resize=48%2C25&ssl=1 48w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 759px) 100vw, 759px" /></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="766" height="398" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-9635" data-id="9635" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim3.jpg?resize=766%2C398&ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim3.jpg?w=766&ssl=1 766w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim3.jpg?resize=300%2C156&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim3.jpg?resize=24%2C12&ssl=1 24w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim3.jpg?resize=36%2C19&ssl=1 36w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim3.jpg?resize=48%2C25&ssl=1 48w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px" /></figure></li><li class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_slide swiper-slide"><figure><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="783" height="395" alt="" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_image wp-image-9636" data-id="9636" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?resize=783%2C395&ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?w=783&ssl=1 783w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?resize=300%2C151&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?resize=768%2C387&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?resize=24%2C12&ssl=1 24w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?resize=36%2C18&ssl=1 36w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Lim1.jpg?resize=48%2C24&ssl=1 48w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 783px) 100vw, 783px" /></figure></li></ul><a class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-prev swiper-button-prev swiper-button-white" role="button"></a><a class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-next swiper-button-next swiper-button-white" role="button"></a><a aria-label="Pause Slideshow" class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_button-pause" role="button"></a><div class="wp-block-jetpack-slideshow_pagination swiper-pagination swiper-pagination-white"></div></div></div> <p>If you get your hands on Lois Burdett’s version, you will be blown away by the <strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">BIG IDEA statements</span></strong> her young students wrote. One second-grader wrote, “<em>Macbeth is all about pride and blood and spears and swords, but mostly it’s about power…</em>” </p> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignright size-full"><a href="https://amzn.to/3lcmVYz" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="338" height="419" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-10-at-8.05.02-AM.png?resize=338%2C419&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-9617" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-10-at-8.05.02-AM.png?w=338&ssl=1 338w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-10-at-8.05.02-AM.png?resize=242%2C300&ssl=1 242w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-10-at-8.05.02-AM.png?resize=19%2C24&ssl=1 19w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-10-at-8.05.02-AM.png?resize=29%2C36&ssl=1 29w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Screen-Shot-2021-09-10-at-8.05.02-AM.png?resize=39%2C48&ssl=1 39w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px" /></a><figcaption><meta charset="utf-8">Thank you for using this <strong><a href="https://amzn.to/3lcmVYz." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AFFILIATE LINK</a></strong>. Read more <strong><a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/thank-you-for-using-amazon-affiliate-links/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">HERE</a></strong>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p><strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">Acting it Out</span></strong>– If you are interested in having students act out all or part of the story, <strong><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1439213534/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1439213534&linkCode=as2&tag=bi4ls101-20&linkId=9a1ee0a769ff218ace947f2d0f677161" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">this book</a></strong> of <strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">quick and funny plays includes versions from 10 minutes to 25 minutes</span></strong> <strong>for small or large groups</strong>. The plays are especially written for kids with <strong>a lighter tone and playful dialogue</strong>. I personally would change a line here and there (<em>e.g. “kick Macduff’s butt”</em>), but other than that, it’s very tame and would make a fun way to reinforce the story. I also <strong>love the way Brendan Kelan incorporates actual lines from Shakespeare!</strong></p> <p><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">THE MYSTERY </span></strong></p> <p><strong>In 2011, a feature film, <em><a href="https://www.sonypictures.com/movies/anonymous" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Anonymous</a></em>, came out that brought attention to this so-called mystery</strong>: the question of whether William Shakespeare’s works were perhaps written by someone other than Shakespeare. Because our 4th-grade unit was all about mysteries, I had to include something about this even though it is largely debunked by scholars. <strong>This TEDEd video is one you can share with students</strong>, and though it gets a bit technical about two minutes in, I think it’s worth sharing about the mystery and how stylometry is used to study the characteristics of writers to determine authorship.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="Did Shakespeare write his plays? - Natalya St. Clair and Aaron Williams" width="855" height="481" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/K-aAUwAFZlQ?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> <p><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">THE MAGIC</span></strong></p> <p>It may seem a little contrived to time this at the end of October, but <span style="color:#565b5d" class="has-inline-color">I found this to be </span><strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">a great opportunity to throw in </span><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">a science concept</span><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color"> that many students don’t learn until later: </span><em><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">sublimation</span></em><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">.</span></strong> Create the witches’ brew and have students reenact the scene, reciting the famous lines: “<em>Double, double, toil, and trouble…</em>” as they stir the brew. <strong><a href="https://www.crscience.org/lessonplans/NGSS/2_ItsJustAPhase_1718.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Here’s a lesson</a></strong> you can use in part or in its entirety. Although it’s geared to younger students, I like the simplicity of the presentation!</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="Dry Ice Halloween Cauldron - Spooky Fog Effects" width="855" height="481" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6kxc5yXN80Q?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignright size-full"><a href="https://www.discoveryexpresskids.com/blog/dry-ice-and-witchs-brew" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="416" height="312" src="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/dryicesublimation.jpeg?resize=416%2C312&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-9643" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/dryicesublimation.jpeg?w=416&ssl=1 416w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/dryicesublimation.jpeg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/dryicesublimation.jpeg?resize=24%2C18&ssl=1 24w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/dryicesublimation.jpeg?resize=36%2C27&ssl=1 36w, https://i0.wp.com/bigideas4littlescholars.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/dryicesublimation.jpeg?resize=48%2C36&ssl=1 48w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 416px) 100vw, 416px" /></a><figcaption><a href="https://www.discoveryexpresskids.com/blog/dry-ice-and-witchs-brew" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Source: Dry Ice and Witch’s Brew: DiscoveryExpressKids.com</a></figcaption></figure></div> <p>You can find more about how to recreate a bubbling brew with dry ice, and more detailed information, by clicking on the photo shown here. </p> <p><strong><span style="color:#116c93" class="has-inline-color">Language of the Discipline</span></strong> ~ There is so much that can be done with the language of Shakespeare and his wordcraft! I’ve decided to write about this in future posts- there’s too much!</p> <p>If you do any of these activities and have feedback to share, your comments below would be appreciated! <strong>If you’re new to this site, be sure to check out the <a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/video-tour/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">video tour</a></strong> to learn about how it is organized.</p> <p><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color">Happy Teaching!</span></strong></p> <p>The post <a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up/">Shakespeare’s Macbeth: Depth, Mystery, and Magic for October (3rd and up)</a> appeared first on <a href="https://bigideas4littlescholars.com">Big Ideas for Little Scholars</a>.</p> ]]></content:encoded> <wfw:commentRss>https://bigideas4littlescholars.com/shakespeares-macbeth-depth-mystery-and-magic-for-october-3rd-and-up/feed/</wfw:commentRss> <slash:comments>2</slash:comments> <post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">9586</post-id> </item> </channel> </rss>